“Of course I still fancy girls.”
Those six little words, tossed off like a request to please hold the mustard, were among the most deconstructed in Tom Daley’s YouTube video last month, in which the 19-year-old British Olympic diver announced that he was dating a man.
Leaning against Union Jack pillows, he continued, “But, I mean, right
now I’m dating a guy, and I couldn’t be happier.” Mr. Daley’s message
was sweet and simple, and gay rights advocates seemed thrilled to
welcome an out-and-proud athlete into their ranks. (The cattier comments
came later, when the “guy” was reported by numerous
tabloids and blogs to be the screenwriter Dustin Lance Black, who is two decades his senior.)
But the cheers were premature, or at least qualified. Despite the
trending Twitter hashtag #TomGayley, Mr. Daley never used the word
“gay,” and there was the matter of his still fancying girls. While many
commenters embraced the ambiguity (“I don’t care if Tom Daley’s gay or
bi or whatever ... He’s still fit,” one
tweeted), others raised eyebrows.
Was it a disclaimer? A cop-out? A ploy to hold on to fans? Was he being
greedy, as some joked? Or was he, as the video’s blushing tone
suggested, simply caught up in the heady disorientation of first love, a
place too intoxicating for labels?
Whatever the answer, Mr. Daley’s disclosure reignited a fraught
conversation within the L.G.B.T. community, having to do with its third
letter. Bisexuality, like chronic fatigue syndrome, is often assumed to
be imaginary by those on the outside. The stereotypes abound: bisexuals
are promiscuous, lying or in denial. They are gay men who can’t yet
admit that they are gay, or “lesbians until graduation,” sowing wild
oats before they find husbands.
“The reactions that you’re seeing are classic in terms of people not
believing that bisexuality really exists, feeling that it’s a
transitional stage or a form of being in the closet,” said Lisa Diamond,
a professor at the University of Utah who studies sexual orientation.
Population-based studies, Dr. Diamond said, indicate that bisexuality is
in fact more common than exclusively same-sex attraction, and that
female libido is particularly open-ended.
Male bisexuality, by contrast, is more vexed, and much of the skepticism
comes from gay men. In the aftermath of Mr. Daley’s announcement, Ann
Friedman wrote a post for
New York Magazine’s The Cut
blog predicting that male bisexuality would become more visible as
gender mores evolved. “Traditional definitions of masculinity — which
tend to go hand in hand with homophobia — are going through a real
shake-up,” Ms. Friedman wrote. “More hetero men are tentatively
admitting that they’re turned on by certain sex acts associated with gay
men.”
The gay conservative pundit Andrew Sullivan swiftly countered on his own blog, The Dish,
saying, “I suspect, pace Friedman’s dreams, that there will always be
far fewer men who transcend traditional sexual categories — because male
sexuality is much cruder, simpler and more binary than female.”
He
called Mr. Daley’s claim about liking girls “a classic bridging
mechanism to ease the transition to his real sexual identity. I know
because I did it, too.”
Such thinking has irked bisexual advocates, who see bias within gay
circles as evidence of “biphobia.” The claim has been lodged repeatedly
at the sex columnist Dan Savage. In 2011,
the blogger Chris O’Guinn
accused Mr. Savage of saying “blatantly hurtful, cruel and insulting
things about bisexuals,” including his remark in the documentary “Bi the
Way” that “I meet somebody who’s 19 years old who tells me he’s
bisexual, and I’m like: ‘Yeah, right, I doubt it. Come back when you’re
29 and we’ll see.’
”
[A] follow-up study at Northwestern concluded the opposite: male bisexuality is real. Why the change? Whereas the first study advertised for subjects in
gay-oriented publications and included men who identified as gay,
straight or bisexual, the second recruited from places catering
specifically to bisexuals and selected only those who had seriously
dated both men and women.
Advocates, a touch exasperated, applauded the new results, though some
pointed out that physical stimulation is only one ingredient of sexual
orientation, which also stems from emotional intimacy.
In Mr. Daley’s case, the difference may be generational. People who have
grown up in a more assimilated world may not see the value in labels
like “gay” or “bisexual,” when the communities they describe are no
longer as marginalized.
“Among the younger generation, I’ve seen much more openness about
bisexuality in both men and women, and often a rejection of all labels,”
Dr. Diamond said. “They’re more open to the idea that, ‘Hey, sexuality
is complicated, and as long as I know who I want to sleep with it
doesn’t matter what I call myself.’ ”
In my own case, it was very hard to get to the point of looking in the mirror and admitting to myself that I was gay. That said, I clearly knew that it was guys to whom I was really attracted. Sexuality is complicated and we should not judge others.